Which of the following is NOT one of the three fundamentals of entry and access control?

• A. Something a person wears as a badge
• B. Something a person knows, identification number
• C. Something a person has, a key or credential
• D. What is inherent to a person, biometric ID

Answer: (A)

The main concept is that entry and access control rests on three authentication factors: something you know (like a PIN or identification number), something you have (a key or credential such as a card or badge), and something you are (biometric ID). The option describing a person knowing an identification number fits the knowledge factor. The option about a person having a key or credential fits the possession factor. The option about biometric ID fits the biometric factor. The remaining choice describes wearing a badge, which is a way to present a credential but is not naming one of the fundamental factors itself. It’s a specific form of possession rather than a distinct factor. So it isn’t one of the three fundamentals, while the others clearly map to knowledge, possession, and biometrics.